Rising Muslim Population in London: How India-Pakistan Connections Play a Role

The population of Indian, Pakistani, and Bangladeshi Muslims in London has grown significantly in recent years. According to 2021 data, approximately 1.3 million Muslims reside in the city, accounting for around 15% of London’s total population. Among them, the largest groups are of Pakistani, Bangladeshi, and Indian origin.

Looking at the broader UK, the total Muslim population is estimated at 2.7 million, with roughly 40% (over 1.08 million) concentrated in London alone. Of this, about 68% are of Asian origin. Certain boroughs such as Tower Hamlets, Newham, Redbridge, and Waltham Forest have particularly high Muslim populations, exceeding 30% of the local population.

Reasons Behind the Increase
Britain’s historical ties with India, Pakistan, and Bangladesh have influenced migration patterns. After independence and during the 1960s–70s, large numbers of laborers, factory workers, and immigrants moved to London. In subsequent decades, the arrival of refugees, students, and businesspeople further contributed to the growth of these communities. Today, people of South Asian Muslim origin are making their presence felt across sectors including business, politics, and education.

Social and Cultural Influence
Muslims in London are active in businesses, food, clothing, taxi services, healthcare, and local councils. The presence of mosques, food markets, cultural programs, and shops highlights the community’s visibility. In several areas, Muslim leaders and councilors have been elected, reflecting their growing influence.

Rising Tensions in the City
The demographic changes have also fueled community tensions along religious, political, and identity lines. Many native Londoners are concerned about the growing immigrant population. On 13 September, a large rally named “Unite the Kingdom” was held in London, reportedly attended by over 150,000 people. The protesters raised slogans against immigrants and Muslims, demanding stricter measures against illegal immigration. The event turned violent, with 26 police officers injured during clashes.

The increasing influence of Muslim communities from South Asia is reshaping London’s social and cultural landscape, but it has also become a focal point for debate and unrest among different groups in the city.