Liver at risk: Hidden dangers of the rainy season you can't ignore

Ahead of the monsoon season, doctors warn that rains could also lead to a spike in infections and illnesses, many of which can affect the liver.

In India, where food hygiene, water quality, and humidity-related infections are common, doctors say the liver, the human body’s metabolic powerhouse, is often impacted.

People usually associate monsoon with colds, coughs, and viral fevers. But what they forget is that several of these infections impact the liver too, either directly or as a complication.

Why is the liver vulnerable during monsoon?
The liver helps in detoxifying harmful substances, digesting food, and regulating metabolism. But during monsoon, poor water hygiene, contaminated street food, and viral infections can lead to liver inflammation or infection.
We see a rise in hepatitis A and E cases during the rains. These viruses spread mainly through contaminated water and food. In most cases, people don’t even realise their liver is affected till jaundice or weakness sets in.
India witnesses a seasonal surge in waterborne diseases like hepatitis, typhoid, and leptospirosis between June and September—all of which have a potential impact on liver function.

Warning signs to watch out for
Doctors advise paying close attention to certain early symptoms that can indicate that the liver is impacted: These include:
* Fatigue and weakness that doesn’t go away
* Yellowing of eyes or skin (jaundice)
* Loss of appetite
* Dark yellow urine
* Unexplained nausea or vomiting
* Mild pain in the upper right abdomen
Dr. Mrunmaya Panda, Consultant - Gastroenterology, Jupiter Hospital Pune said, "If these signs are seen during the monsoon season, we advise patients to visit the hospital immediately to avoid any complications."

What you eat and drink matters
With food vendors operating in wet, muddy conditions, the chance of consuming unhygienic food increases. Rainwater often mixes with sewage, contaminating drinking water sources, especially in rural areas or low-income urban pockets.
• Avoid raw or cut fruits from outside, unfiltered water, and uncovered food.
• Cut down on heavy, oily meals and alcohol during the rainy season.
Doctors say the liver is already burdened with detoxification, and extra strain can worsen inflammation.

Who is at greater risk?
While everyone should be careful, some groups need extra protection:
* Children and the elderly
* People with pre-existing liver conditions
* Those with weak immunity or diabetes
* People who consume alcohol frequently
* Individuals living in areas with poor sanitation

Precautions to be followed:
To keep your liver healthy this monsoon, follow these precautions:
* Always drink boiled or filtered water
* Wash fruits and vegetables thoroughly
* Avoid street food, especially juices and cut fruits
* Limit alcohol consumption
* Maintain good hygiene—wash hands often
* Get vaccinated for Hepatitis A and B if not done already
* If you feel persistently tired or develop jaundice, see a doctor immediately

The liver does not normally show any specific symptoms when it is initially impacted. That is why preventive care during the rainy season becomes so important.

Dr Mrunmaya Panda, Consultant - Gastroenterology, Jupiter Hospital Pune